Data annotation in sports is a much more intricate process than many other fields because besides finding players and objects it comprehend the context and dynamics involved in the sport.
Sports are annotated with a variety of annotation techniques (techniques to make annotation) to capture actions, movements, and game events.
Bounding Box Annotation: Using bounding boxes, it identifies players, referees, and other objects, such as balls or equipment, tracks movement, player positioning or possession.
Keypoint Annotation: Labels keypoints on an athlete's body (e.g., joints) such that pose estimation can be performed, which is important for analysing sports such as basketball, gymnastics, or soccer where understanding body mechanics, motion, or techniques is important.
Semantic Segmentation: Marking boundaries, goals or specific zones within the playing field for different activity, i.e., penalty areas in soccer.
Action Annotation: Game events are identified by annotating specific actions the players perform (shots, passes, tackles, goals), among other things. For example, tagging every single instance when a basketball player tries to shoot a basketball shot or a soccer player dribbles a ball.
Event Annotation: Within a game such as fouls, goals, turnovers, or substitutions are labelled to assist understanding the flow and outcome of the game.
Video Annotation: The ability to label sequences in the video to track when an event starts and ends — for example, the start of an offensive play or of the sprinting sequence within a 100-meter race.
Player Tracking and Performance Analysis: With a tracking of individual players' and of their movements, it is possible to follow the performance of the player, its position as well as stamina, but also its strategy. In soccer, basketball, and football for example, it is crucial.
Tactical Analysis:Each coach gets data about formations, passes and strategies with annotations.
Action Recognition and Highlight Generation:By automating the identification of key moments like goals, shots or assists, media teams can have their highlights quicker and cheaper.
Injury Prevention: For example, in athletic sports, pose estimation and motion analysis might be used to spot poor movements or faulty movements that can make injury likely.
Referee Assistance: In VAR (Video Assistant Referee), which is a system of annotation among many, annotation is used to help track and review important incidents like fouls, offside calls and Goal line technology.
Fan Engagement: Annotated data are used by companies to construct interactive tools for fans, allowing in real time stats, player heatmaps, and broadcast visualizations.
AI in sports has to go through the process of data annotation so that it can improve player performance, fan engagement and game analysis for the sports industry. Sports teams, broadcasters and analysts can make better decisions, have more powerful training programs, and provide more engrossing fans experiences by accurately labelling player movement, game events and tactical patterns using annotation services.